Category Archives: cool

NPR on health care price transparency

  • Very cool, very powerful
  • I+PLUS can do it already (excluding PHIs that aren’t on board)
  • Think we should go for it
  • Could potentially take it to the US

Audio: 

http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/02/12/276001379/elusive-goal-a-transparent-price-list-for-health-care

Elusive Goal: A Transparent Price List For Health Care

by ERIC WHITNEY  3:36 AM

Some states are trying to make health care prices available to the public by collecting receipts from those who pay the bills: Medicare, Medicaid and private insurers. Some states’ efforts to make these prices available are in jeopardy.

Coffee is important to many of us, but let’s say your coffee maker breaks. Finding a new one is as easy as typing “shop coffee maker” into your browser. Voila — you’ve got models, prices and customer reviews at your fingertips. But say you need something less fun than a coffee maker — like a colonoscopy. Shopping for one of those is a lot harder. Actual prices for the procedure are almost impossible to find, and Bob Kershner says there’s huge variation in cost from one clinic to the next. “You see the range is from $2,800 down to just about $400,” he says, pointing to a computer screen displaying some colonoscopy prices in Denver. Kershner works for a nonprofit called CIVHC, which is starting to make health care prices publicly available in Colorado. His boss, Edie Sonn, says knowing prices can change the whole health care ball game. “Knowledge is power,” she says. “None of us have had much information about how much health care services actually cost, and how much we’re getting for our money.” A database that includes all health claims in a particular state, she says, “gives you that information, so you can become an empowered consumer.” Colorado is one of eleven states that are starting to make public a lot of health care prices. It’s taken years. An “all payer claims database” is the first step in Colorado. It’s basically a giant shoebox that aims to collect a copy of every receipt for a health care service in a given state. Since doctors and hospitals generally don’t tell people how much services cost beforehand, the best way to figure out the price is to get receipts from the parties that pay the bills: insurance companies, Medicaid and Medicare, mostly. The more such information is made public, Sonn says, the more people will “vote with their feet” and migrate away from high-cost providers. However, turning this information about price from eye-crossing rows in a spreadsheet into consumer-friendly formats is hard. Colorado’s effort has taken years. Laws had to be passed to get insurance companies to send in their claims data (the receipts for what they’re paying), and sorting through all the information is a lot tougher than organizing a pile of paper receipts in a shoebox. “Claims data is dirty,” says Sonn. “It’s really dirty. It takes a lot of scrubbing to make sense of it. It’s complicated, time consuming and expensive.” Colorado has had funding to do that from private grants, but those are drying up. In order to keep on making basic price information accessible to the public for free, the state wants to sell more complicated, custom data reports to businesses within the health industry. There is a growing market for those sorts of reports, says Dr. David Ehrenberger, the chief medical officer for Avista Adventist hospital, outside Denver. He would like to see reports that show not just how much his competitors are charging, but also whether their patients have more or fewer complications. That would give him better negotiating power with big insurance companies. “The insurance industry still has a dramatic advantage over, particularly, smaller physician groups and smaller health care organizations. There’s not a level playing field there,” Ehrenberger says. That’s because big insurance companies pay bills at hospitals all over the state, so they have a big picture view of how much everybody charges for procedures, and of details such as complication rates. Individual hospitals only know their own prices. It’s as if only customers could get a list of prices for different coffee makers, but Cuisinart and Mr. Coffee couldn’t, so they wouldn’t know if they were asking too much or too little for their coffee makers. The better view Ehrenberger can get of the entire marketplace for health care services, the better he can set prices. “What we want to do is be able to have the data that shows, unequivocally, that we can provide a better quality product — and [at] a cost they can afford,” he says. But there’s a glitch. In order to get the kinds of reports Ehrenberger and other health care providers want, they have to include price information from all payers, and one of the biggest is Medicare — it pays about a fifth of all health care bills in Colorado. At the moment, Edie Sonn explains, they cannot use that Medicare data in any of the custom reports they want to sell. “Current federal law restricts what we can do with that Medicare data,” she says. “The only thing you can use their data for is public reporting.” Sonn’s organization and others like it have found support on Capitol Hill to let them sell Medicare data. It turns out that Democrats and Republicans agree that price transparency is key to controlling costs. A measure that would make that change is now part of a bigger Medicare bill (find it in section 107) working its way through Congress. If it passes, Colorado will be one step closer to making shopping for health care as easy as shopping for a coffee maker. This story is part of a partnership between NPR and Kaiser Health News.

Andrew Ng: How to build your very own Skynet

Andrew Ng on Deep Machine Learning via Large Scale Brain Simulation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5elcmFNRCWk

The key determinants of learning accuracy are accessing as much data as possible and being able to process.

Partnered with the Google speech team.

Deep learning works well in two different settings:

1. Learning from labeled data > speech recognition, streetview images

2. Learning from unlabeled data >

 

AndrewNg_LearningPerformance

 

AndrewNg_HumanVsMachineLearning

 

Up to now, humans have been driving performance due mainly to a lack of data and processing. With both of these now becoming available in abundance, machine learning will soon overtake human learning to become the dominant driver of performance.

Sky net.

Samsung Gear Fit Launch at Mobile World Congress

Very cool device. Doesn’t have an altimeter. Does have a heart rate monitor. Probably needs a Samsung phone.

http://www.afr.com/p/technology/digitallife/samsung_gear_fit_wins_hearts_and_sKscE6g5LdRMHnlSeVAw6K

Samsung Gear Fit wins hearts and minds

Samsung Gear Fit wins hearts and minds

JOHN DAVIDSON

The Galaxy S5 phone might have been Samsung’s biggest announcement at Mobile World Congress, but it was a much smaller device that made the biggest impression: Samsung’s Gear Fit.

The fitness band, designed primarily to be worn on the wrist, easily has the brightest, most colourful screen ever to be included in such a device – for what it’s worth, Samsung says the screen is the world’s first 1.84-inch curved Super AMOLED display – and it does far more than your typical fitness bands do, too.

The Gear Fit counts your steps and monitors your sleep like most of its competitors, but it also has a heart rate sensor built into it (another first), allowing it to be used as a sort of impersonal personal trainer, vibrating whenever your pulse rate drops below some threshold you have set for yourself, to warn you to speed up or try harder. And it has a stopwatch and a timer, which many of its competitors lack.

More than that, it uses Bluetooth to attach back to your smartphone quite like a smartwatch, allowing it to show you an almost complete range of notifications from the phone. You can’t accept or make a call with the device, the way you can with Samsung’s Gear 2 and Gear 2 Neo smartwatches, but you can reject calls, view incoming emails, texts and social media feeds, and control what music is playing back on the phone. You can even look at your calendar, all without ever pulling out your phone.

While it doesn’t run Tizen, the new Samsung operating system that runs the Gear 2 and Gear 2 Neo, the Gear Fit does have an operating system capable of running apps, meaning that new features could be added to the device over time.

In short, the new fitness band does many of the things the smartwatches do, but it does it in a much more appealing, much easier to wear package. The device can even be popped out of its rubber band, allowing it to be added, say, to a clip that attaches to your clothing, or to a choker so you can wear it around your neck, though of course the heart rate sensor may not work when it’s worn like that.

The only thing really wrong with the Gear Fit is that, for the moment at least, the screen is incapable of modifying its orientation to account for how it’s being worn. When you wear it on the top of your wrist, for instance, the icons and text in the user interface face the wrong direction, and can be hard to read without twisting your arm in a most unnatural fashion. You have to wear it with the screen on the underside of your wrist if you want to read it easily. But the designer of the user interface, who is here at Mobile World Congress, said she was “looking into” getting the UI to re-orient itself depending on which way the device is facing, in much the same way a tablet goes from landscape mode to portrait mode depending on how it’s being held.

Pricing has yet to be announced, but it should be significantly cheaper than the Gear 2 and Gear 2 Neo, too. Unless you want to make calls and take photos with your wearable computer, the Gear Fit looks like a better alternative.

Partnership for a Healthier America Innovation Challenge

Nicholas Gruen put me on to this effort… so impressed to see these efforts emerge in such a can do endeavour and with the first lady giving the welcoming address.

http://govfresh.com/event/partnership-healthier-america-innovation-challenge/

Partnership for a Healthier America Innovation Challenge

Event Navigation

A gathering of business, government and non-profit visionaries, the Building a Healthier Future Summit focuses on action over talk. The PHA Innovation Challenge offers a unique opportunity to realize the event’s mission of creating bold, tangible and actionable solutions using the most powerful tool available – technology. This year, Partnership for a Healthier America (PHA) is working with The Feast to engage the most talented innovators and makers in technology and design to help solve the childhood obesity epidemic.

PHA is hosting a hackathon in the lead-up to the conference, when participants will prototype and build working solutions focused on the theme of Childhood Obesity. The hackathon will explore two opportunities within the challenge of Childhood Obesity:

  1. To help teachers empower students to make healthy choices about the food they consume, whether at home or at school.
  2. To create an information avenue that shows families the healthy food options and physical activity opportunities available locally.

PHA and The Feast are recruiting a group of the best designers, developers, stakeholders and entrepreneurs to create solutions that will help make the healthy choice the easy choice. Over two dedicated workdays the weekend prior to the Summit, participants will form teams to work on one of the two opportunities. Participants will receive support from subject matter experts and mentors in crafting their solutions while partaking in exciting activities and enjoying healthy meals. The following week, all the participating hackers will receive free admission and full access to PHA’s Building a Healthier Future Summit, with the opportunity to engage with innovators in the health sector. Two winning teams will then take the stage at Summit to present their work to an audience of 1,000 industry leaders, with one team winning an audience choice award.

PHA believes that change happens when anyone is empowered to re-imagine how something might be better and seizes the opportunity to realize that vision.

Details

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March 9, 2014 5:00 pm
Event Category:
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Website:
http://ahealthieramerica.org/summit/innovation/

Organizer

Partnership for a Healthier America
Website:
http://ahealthieramerica.org

Venue

Partnership for a Healthier America
2001 Pennsylvania Ave. NW Suite 900,Washington, DC, 20006 United States

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http://http://ahealthieramerica.org/

Brazil’s bloody brilliant dietary guidelines…

succinct. direct. honest. transparent. will never happen here…

Brazil’s new dietary guidelines: food-based!

Brazil’s new dietary guidelines: food-based!

Brazil has issued new dietary guidelines open for public comment.  For the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines document (in Portuguese), click here..

Brazilian health officials designed the guidelines to help protect against undernutrition, which is already declining sharply in Brazil, but also to prevent the health consequences of overweight and obesity, which are sharply increasing in that country.

The guidelines are remarkable in that they are based on foods that Brazilians of all social classes eat every day, and consider the social, cultural, economic and environmental implications of food choices.

The guide’s three “golden rules:”

  • Make foods and freshly prepared dishes and meals the basis of your diet.
  • Be sure oils, fats, sugar and salt are used in moderation in culinary preparations.
  • Limit the intake of ready-to-consume products and avoid those that are ultra-processed.

The ten Brazilian guidelines:

  1. Prepare meals from staple and fresh foods.
  2. Use oils, fats, sugar and salt in moderation.
  3. Limit consumption of ready-to-consume food and drink products
  4. Eat regular meals, paying attention, and in appropriate environments.
  5. Eat in company whenever possible.
  6. Buy food at places that offer varieties of fresh foods. Avoid those that mainly sell products ready for consumption.
  7. Develop, practice, share and enjoy your skills in food preparation and cooking.
  8. Plan your time to give meals and eating proper time and space.
  9. When you eat out, choose restaurants that serve freshly made dishes and meals. Avoid fast food chains.
  10. Be critical of the commercial advertisement of food products.

Now if only our Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee would take note and do the same?

Would you like us to have sensible, unambiguous food-based guidelines like these?  You can file comments on the 2015 Dietary Guidelines here.

Thanks to Professor Carlos A. Monteiro of the Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health at the University of Sao Paulo for sending the guidelines and for their translation, and for his contribution to them.

Uber-broccoli

  • two natural additives could prolong shelf life and increase levels of anti-cancer compounds
  • Extremely significant… bring on the broccoli magnate!

http://www.foodnavigator.com/Science-Nutrition/Better-broccoli-Researchers-identify-method-to-increase-shelf-life-and-beneficial-compounds/

Better broccoli: Researchers identify method to increase shelf life and beneficial compounds

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By Nathan Gray+

12-Feb-2014

The combined application of two natural compounds to broccoli could help to increase levels of its suggested anti-cancer compounds while also increasing shelf life, say researchers.

The findings, published in PLoS One, come from research investigating new methods to increase levels of broccoli’s much mooted anti-cancer compounds glucosinolate (GS) and quinone reductase (QR –  an in vitro anti-cancer biomarker) through the use of natural plant based compounds.

However, while researching methods to increase these suggested beneficial compounds, the US-based team also found a way to prolong the vegetable’s shelf life – offering up a natural and inexpensive method to produce broccoli that has even more potential health benefits and won’t spoil so quickly in storage.

“We had figured out ways to increase the anti-cancer activity in broccoli, but the way we figured it out created a situation that would cause the product to deteriorate more rapidly after application,”explained Jack Juvik from the University of Illinois – who led the research. “For fresh-market broccoli that you harvest, it’s not too big a deal, but many of these products have to be shipped, frozen, cut up, and put into other products.”

“If we could figure out a way to prolong the appearance, taste, and flavour long after harvest and maintain the improved health-promoting properties, that’s always of great interest to growers,”he added.

Study details

Juvik and his team first used methyl jasmonate (MeJA), a non-toxic plant-signal compound that is produced naturally in plants to increase the broccoli’s anti-cancer potential, which they sprayed on the broccoli about four days before harvest.

When applied, MeJA initiates a process of gene activity affiliated with the biosynthesis of glucosinolates (GS), which have been identified as potent cancer-preventative agents because of their ability to produce enzymes, such as quinone reductase (QR), that detoxify and eliminate carcinogens from the human body, explained the researchers.

However, during this process, MeJA the team found that also signals a network of genes that lead to plant decay, by inducing the release of ethylene, explained Juvik.

“While we can use MeJA to turn on phytochemicals like the glucosinolates and dramatically increase the abundance of those helpful anti-cancer compounds, MeJA also reduces the shelf life after harvest,” he said.

Therefore the researchers tried using a recently developed compound known as 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), which has been shown to interfere with receptor proteins in the plant that are receptor-sensitive to ethylene.

By applying the compound after harvesting to the same broccoli that had already been treated with MeJA before harvest, the team hoped to procude broccoli with increased levels of GS without the issues relating to shelf life.

Like MeJA, 1-MCP is also a non-toxic compound naturally produced in plants, although Juvik noted that synthetic forms can also be produced.

“It’s very cheap, and it’s about as toxic as salt. It takes very little to elevate all the desirable aspects. It’s volatile and disappears from the product after about 10 hours,” he said – stressing that both the MeJA and 1-MCP sprays required very small amounts of the compounds.

Food security and battling malnutrition

Juvik suggested that use of the new method could make a great impact on important global dilemmas such as food security issues and health-care costs.

“It’s a fairly cheap way to maintain quality, but it provides a preventative approach to all the medical costs associated with degenerative diseases,” he said.

“It’s a way to protect people by reducing the risk they currently have to different diseases. It won’t take it away, but it could prevent further damage,” he said.

As for its impact on impending global food security concerns, Juvik commented that any mechanism which improves people’s health, especially later in life, will benefit food security.

“We need to look at what mechanisms we can use to improve not only food security but the functioning of people later in their life spans,” he said.

“When you look at how much the United States spends on medical costs associated with these diseases, you see it’s a huge burden on the economy, which is the same in all countries. It basically takes away resources that could be used to improve food security,” Juvik opined.“Also, promoting and prolonging food stability with quality after harvest means less waste, which is a big issue in terms of food security.”

Source: PLoS One
Published online ahead of print, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077127 
“Methyl jasmonate and 1-Methylcyclopropene treatment effects on quinone reductase inducing activity and post-harvest quality of broccoli”
Authors: Kang Mo Ku, Jeong Hee Choi, Hyoung Seok Kim, Mosbah M. Kushad, Elizabeth H. Jeffery, John A. Juvik

Twitter can tell when you’re depressed

  • Eric Horwitz leading the way on mining twitter feeds for signs of depression
  • He muses on looking at the impact of news on mood at a population level
  • Conway’s team is looking at some of the tough ethical questions involved, by “investigating public attitudes towards the ethics of using social media for public health monitoring,” he says. “This ethical component of the work is particularly important given the evolving role of social media in society and concerns regarding the activities of the NSA.”

http://business.time.com/2014/01/27/how-twitter-knows-when-youre-depressed/

How Twitter Knows When You’re Depressed

Scientists can now accurately predict if you have the blues—just by looking at your Twitter feed

FRANCE-TECHNOLOGY-BLOGGING-TWITTER-FEATURE
AFP/Getty Images / AFP/Getty Images

With its 230 million regular users, Twitter has become such a broad stream of personal expression that researchers are beginning to use it as a tool to dig into public health problems. Believe it or not, a scientist out there might actually care about the sandwich you ate for lunch—even if most of your followers don’t.

“Our attitude is that Twitter is the largest observational study of human behavior we’ve ever known, and we’re working very hard to take advantage of it,” explains Tyler McCormick of the Center for Statistics and the Social Sciences at the University of Washington.

What if, for example, an artificial intelligence model could scan your Twitter feed and tell you if you’re at risk for depression? And what if you could receive notices from third parties, for instance, that warned you that you may want to seek help, just based on an automated scan of your tweets? Eric Horvitz, co-director of Microsoft Research Redmond has helped pioneer research on Twitter and depression. He says that could one day be a possibility.

“We wondered if we could actually build measures that might be able to detect if someone is severely depressed, just in publicly posted media. What are people telling the world in public spaces?” asks Horvitz. “You might imagine tools that could make people aware of a swing in mood, even before they can feel it themselves.”

Horvitz and a team of researchers helped develop a model that can scan tweets and predict depression in Twitter users, with an accuracy they claim to be 70%. Researchers say the system is still far from perfect. When the model scans your tweets, it misses some signals and doesn’t diagnose many people—about 30%—who really will get depression. And the system has a “false positive” issue, Horvitz said, causing it to incorrectly predict that healthy Twitter users will get depression in about 10% of cases.

The Microsoft team found 476 Twitter users, 171 of whom were seriously depressed. They went back into users’ Twitter histories as far as a year in advance of their depression diagnosis, examining their tweets for language, level of engagement, mentions of certain medications, and other factors, using computer models to sift through a total of 2.2 million tweets. By comparing depressed Twitter users’ feeds with the non-depressed user sample class, they came up with a method for predicting depression diagnoses before they happened. When they tested the model on a different set of Twitter users, it showed 70% accuracy in predicting depression before its onset.

Some tweets the scientists looked at in the depressed group pretty obviously indicate some level of emotional distress. For example, the study cited tweets like these from their depressed user group:

“Having a job again makes me happy. Less time to be depressed and eat all day while watching sad movies.”

“I want someone to hold me and be there for me when I’m sad.”

“‘Are you okay?’ Yes… I understand that I am upset and hopeless and nothing can help me… I’m okay… but I am not all right.”

Not all users’ feeds are so clear. Microsoft’s researchers looked at factors like the number of tweets users made per day, what time of day users tweeted, how often users interacted with each other, and what kind of language tweeters were using. For example, seemingly depressed tweeters were more likely to post messages late at night (between 9pm and 6am) compared with healthy tweeters, who were most active during the day and after work hours.

The team also noticed that certain isolated words in Twitter posts also were characteristic of depression. Words like anxiety, severe, appetite, suicidal, nausea, drowsiness, fatigue, nervousness, addictive, attacks, episodes, andsleep were used by depressed users, but more surprisingly, words like she, him, girl, game, men, home, fun, house, favorite, wants, tolerance, cope, amazing, love, care, songs, and movie could be indications of depression as well.

The volume of tweets mattered too, as did the percentage of exchanges—users who are depressed begin to tweet less, and tweet less at other people, indicating a possible loss of social connectedness, said Horvitz. Of course, just because a Twitter user makes a post that includes the word fatigue and house at 4am, that doesn’t mean they’re depressed. The Microsoft team’s classifier looked at users’ feeds over long periods of time and incorporated many factors. A second Microsoft study that focused more on broader populations using slightly different methods achieved similar results, determining depression in tweets with around 70% accuracy.

One area of public health where this kind of research could come in handy is in measuring public reactions to events. Tracking public Twitter feeds after profound or traumatic events could help scientists understand how we’re affected by the news. “We really didn’t used to have many tools available traditionally for that kind of fine-grained analysis,” says said Horvitz. “Now there’s a new direction for doing the science.”

McCormick, of the University of Washington, said part of the research he and his team is now doing will involve improving earlier Twitter depression models, by weeding out false or misleading data and figuring out areas where depression-related data is being underreported. His team has also identified a group of first-year students at a number of colleges across the country based on their Twitter feeds—hashtags, posts relating to orientation—and is following them for “red flags” that could indicate emotional issues.

A study by University of California San Diego will also build on that research. Funded by the federal government’s National Institute of Health, UCSD’s Michael Conway is creating models that will eventually track depression in communities and figure out how to apply mental health resources better assess public health. “The ultimate goal of this work is to provide a cost-effective, real-time means of monitoring the prevalence of depression in the general population,” Conway said in an email.

In a post-Snowden era, privacy is a major concern facing any kind of mass-data collection. The Twitter users in the Microsoft study permitted Horvitz and his team to examine their tweets, but a possible future in which computer programs  automatically sift through your tweets to make judgments on your health could understandably set off alarms with big data skeptics.

Conway’s team is looking at some of the tough ethical questions involved, by “investigating public attitudes towards the ethics of using social media for public health monitoring,” he says. “This ethical component of the work is particularly important given the evolving role of social media in society and concerns regarding the activities of the NSA.”

It may be some time before the research is developed enough for Twitter to warn individuals at risk for depression to seek help. Horvitz says part of what’s driven his research is the staggering number of suicides in the United States every year due to depression: 30,000. “If we can even save through interventions a few of those 30,000 people each year, it will make this research well worth it,” he said.

Bill & Melinda on Why We Give – Giving Tuesday

  • DonorsChoose.org
  • Heifer.org
  • Save the Children
  • World Vision

 

http://community.givingtuesday.org/page/billandmelinda#b11g14t20w13

Why We Give

By Bill & Melinda Gates

Thanks for taking a break from your holiday shopping to take a look at #GivingTuesday.

Everyone has their own reasons for giving back. For us, it’s simply about making the world a more fair and equitable place. We know we were very lucky to grow up where we did, when we did. We believe everyone deserves the chance to live a healthy, productive life. Those are the values we learned from our families, and they’re why we started our foundation.

In our work, we come across a lot of great organizations doing inspiring work in the U.S. and around the world. In fact, as we talked about #GivingTuesday, the hardest question we faced was, “Which groups should we highlight?” After a lot of discussion about all the great choices out there, we picked four.

When our children have a little extra money saved up and want to make a donation, they often turn to Heifer International and World Vision. Through Heifer, you can donate an animal to a community in need—a gift that can benefit the recipients for years afterward. Through World Vision and Save the Children, you can change a child’s life by helping provide food, health care, education and more. And DonorsChoose.org lets you help teachers meet their classrooms’ needs, enabling projects that might not happen otherwise.

Whoever you support, and however much you give, thank you for participating in #GivingTuesday. It’s a great way to help create the better world we all want. We wish you a happy holiday season.

  • Donors Choose.orgDonorsChoose.org is an online charity that makes it easy for anyone to help students in need. Public school teachers from every corner of America post classroom project requests on the DonorsChoose site, and visitors can give any amount to the project that is most inspiring.View More
  • HeiferHeifer International empowers families to turn hunger and poverty into hope and prosperity by helping bring sustainable agriculture and commerce to areas that need it most. The animals provide partners with both food and reliable income, as agricultural products such as milk, eggs, and honey can be traded or sold at market.View More
  • Save the ChildrenSave the Children gives kids in the United States and around the world what every child deserves—a healthy start, the opportunity to learn and protection from harm, especially when disaster strikes. When disaster strikes, Save the Children advocates and achieves lasting change for millions of children. They save children’s lives.View More
  • World VisionWorld Vision is dedicated to working with children, families, and their communities worldwide to reach their full potential by tackling the causes of poverty and injustice. World Vision works on every level to achieve the goal of child well-being—from international activism to checking in on children face-to-face.View More